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Text
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Tuesday Dec. 8th 1868
Rose early to meet Mr. Corson and wife. This has been an eventful day with me. Started each school session. The ladies as well as myself liked very much. They seemed to be very pleased with our work. Mr. Brooks spoke to good acceptance to the people on Education. Returned home late.
Wednesday Dec. 9th 1868
Rose early to see off the company. School worked well. Had a great misfortune by going [to the] theatre.
Had four letters.
Thursday Dec. 10th 1868
Wrote Maria. Observed more keenly the great inconquerable jolity of the Colored People. Attended an exhibition at our School house wholly given by the colored People. The character of the pieces was love and Patriotism. The whole affair was given for the benefit of the church. Had no school this afternoon. Spent time in making calls.
Friday Dec. 11th 1868
Weather cold. Did not come to school before ten. Had boots mended before school. At night read an old Atlantic Monthly. Got a pencil plate.
Our schools have done but little good to the colored People. So many of them look at the matter. Read the President’s late message to Congress. Was out shopping. Snow began to fall at dusk. Wrote Sec. Corson. Phila Penna.
Dec. 12th 1868 Saturday
Weather very cold. Cast up my accounts. Read the History of Sithconia. Went shopping. Fixed my clothes. Met a few disappointed Republicans. It appears the Virginia Eletion is post poned till next may. So long they must stay out of office. That’s what is the matter.
Was to post Office. Made a call at Gen Wilcox’s at night. Found very pleasant folks. I did not expect to find them half as sociable. They [served] us an oyster supper. Playing cards and chess was the work of a large part of the work. They are very agreeable folks. They showed us lots of drawings. Then they have such a splendid kittie. The sweetest children they do have.
Sunday Dec. 13th 1868
Could not sleep well on account of the cold. Rose at 8 ½. Took breakfast. Attended Sabbath School at the Baptist church. Taught a class. Attended preaching at Eleven O’clock at Dr Mitchell’s. His text was “Whatsoever ye would that men should unto you do ye even so to them.” The discourse was good. He made, however, many exceptions. First, Master and servant; 2nd, Ruler and subject; 3rd, Parent and child. They took a collection for the poor.
Read a short account of Frederick Douglass’ life and that of Gen O. O. Howard.
Afternoon attended service at Colored Methodist Church. The sermon was poor. Came home at sundown. The ladies can not understand each other. The smallest missaying jars.
Monday Dec. 14th 1868.
Wrote J. W. Shoemaker. The ladies are having a great spree about carpet.
Tuesday Dec. 15th 1868.
Was not in school today. Went to Campbell Court House in company with Mr. Work. This was a very great mistake. I did what is wrong all day. Rode home in a part of the way when it was night.
Attended a Baptist Church meeting at night. Reviewed that church for school. The church held an election. How they did carry on!
Miss Spencer and Miss Whitacer moved today. Is it possible that old maids should pester me yet in addition to my burdensome labors.
Wednesday Dec. 16th 1868
Weather very disagreeable. A rebel walked with me to school. Said he “we were the happiest people under the sun before the war” if I thought it was prudent to tell him my thoughts, I would have have told him that he might make fools believe such nonsense but not sensible men.
School gave poor satisfaction.
The women involved me again in trouble. Went three times down town this eve.”
Thursday Dec. 17th 1868
“I had expected to be excused today from school. But to my great displeasure was asked an excuse by another teacher so I had to do two hands’ work. This was too much. When the day was done I was perfectly discouraged. No wonder. My estimate is very low of the colored people today. Met Mr. Burton teacher at Fincastl Pattonsburg. Attended Educational society at night till Eleven O’clock. Then wrote a note to Squire Tallaiferro. Mr. Straddling came here.
Friday Dec 18th 1868.
“Suspended a boy from [school]. He apoplogized and was taken in again. Called at Mrs. Ellis with a view to see her school. School was not in. Labor in my school was more pleasant today. Walked home for dinner. Had sides spelling this evening. Read the independent. Had the first experience at playing cards. The play was muggings. Wrote Maria and John Bairman. Saw Straddling to the Depot. Met R. W. Perkins and Wm W. Foreman. Had expected letters from Corson and Maria Gerhart.
Saw again how contemptible flattery is.”
Saturday Dec 19th 1868.
Rose at 8 1/2. Wrote all day at a speech for Educational Society. Went [to the] post office. Played Cassino with Helen. This is the second game I have learned. It took me a couple of hours to learn it. Told a little positive lie this evening.
What family pride! Fannie Harvey says: “I can not see why Miss Fannie Adams should be incouraged in preference to me. My mother was every bit as respectable as her mother.” Who would as what your mother was in Penna? The question would as it should be. what are you.
Sunday Dec. 20th 1868.
Wrote four letters. Attended Colored Methodist Church. Read The Peoples Magazine.
Monday Dec. 21st 1868.
Taught for Miss Phelps At night. I wanted to study my speech when I was prevented by Col. W. Wood. He stayed till after twelve O’clock.
Tuesday Dec 22nd 1868
Had expected to be excused from school school to prepare for school Educational meeting. But instead of this I had to take Miss Phelps and Miss Harveys classes in addition to mine. At night Spoke to Educational meeting. Returned at Eleven and a half O’clock.
Wednesday Dec 23rd 1868
Taught till two O’clock. Went [to] Liberty. Schools were closed till after New Years day. Stayed the night with Forrest in His one house bed. Did not rest well.
Thursday Dec. 24th 1868.
Rose a little before seven. Came too late to train. Waited from seven in the morning till seven at night to go home. This was a long day. I was nearly frozen to death. I had the home sick. I was expecting very important letters from Phila. and home. Capt. Wilcox entertained me very kindly. Arrived home at 9 ½ O’clock P. M. Had three letters very welcome ones. Had informed of Christmas presents at Express Office from Phila. for school children.
Dublin Core
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Title
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Jacob Yoder's Diaries, entries of December 8-24, 1868.
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, education, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
Jacob Eschbach Yoder (1838-1905), a Pennsylvania native, came to Lynchburg in 1866 to help educate freedpeople. He left after a few months, but returned in 1868 and continued to teach and serve as an administrator for the African American schools in Lynchburg until his death. Despite his idealistic intentions, he confided to his diary his deep ambivalence about his job, the abilities of his colleagues, and the prospects for African American education. Yoder kept a diary between 1866 and 1870, some of which has been published as <em>The Fire of Liberty in Their Hearts</em>, ed., Samuel L. Horst (1996). These entries are from a volume that remains unpublished.
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Jacob Yoder
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Jacob E. Yoder. Diaries, 1861-1870. Accession 27680, 51148. Personal papers collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.
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December 8-24, 1868
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CC BY-SA
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Out of the Box <a title="Jacob Yoder" href="http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/2015/06/17/jacob-yoder-freedpeople/" target="_blank">blog entry</a> on Jacob Yoder.
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14_1165_024, 14_1165_025, 14_1165_027, 14_1165_028, 14_1165_029, 14_1165_030, 14_1165_031
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Lynchburg, Virginia
African Americans
education
race relations
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Thusday Dec. 31st 1868.
Such dissatisfaction in the family on account of distribution of Christmas gifts. Distributed gifts to the children. Bureau has closed up today.
New Year 1869:
Varner and Forrest I met down st. Came up with them and fooled time away. At twelve went went to the Court House where the Colored People assembled for the purpose of celebrating the 5th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. Speeches were made by Messrs. Kelsoe, John Garland, Scott, Rev. White, Rev. Martin Warwick, Squire Tollaiferro and the rest. The meeting was conducted in the most mannerly manner. Speeches were good as party political speeches. But the tone of them was not destined to make a more amicable feeling between the two races. On the whole the speakers appealed to the prejudices of the people.
Came home at five and united both dinner and supper. After supper a species of gross injustice was practiced on me. One of the ladies was invited to a party at Gen Wilcox’s. She asked me to gallant her there and fetch her from there at Eleven at night.
This I did.
Then I should have written to the association but I did not.
Saturday Jan 2nd 1868.
Morton Roberts and Mr. Wm. Smith called this Morning. Distributed the last Christmas presents. Read the Peoples Magazine. Did little work of any kind. Varner left this eve.
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paper
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Title
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Jacob E. Yoder's Diaries, entries for December 28, 1868-January 2, 1869
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, education, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
Jacob Eschbach Yoder (1838-1905), a Pennsylvania native, came to Lynchburg in 1866 to help educate freedpeople. He left after a few months, but returned in 1868 and continued to teach and serve as an administrator for the African American schools in Lynchburg until his death. Despite his idealistic intentions, he confided to his diary his deep ambivalence aobut his job, the abilities of his colleagues, and the prospects for African American education. Yoder kept a diary between 1866 and 1870, some of which has been published as <em>The Fire of Liberty in Their Hearts</em>, ed., Samuel L. Horst (1996). These entries are from a volume that remains unpublished.
Creator
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Jacob Yoder
Source
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Jacob E. Yoder. Diaries, 1861-1870. Accession 27680, 51148. Personal papers collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.
Date
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December 28, 1868-January 2, 1869
Rights
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CC BY-SA
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A related resource
Out of the Box <a title="Jacob Yoder" href="http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/2015/06/17/jacob-yoder-freedpeople/" target="_blank">blog entry</a> on Jacob Yoder.
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14_1165_032, Yoder diary_1868-1869_transcription_14_1165_032.pdf
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||||osm
Lynchburg, Virginia
African Americans
education
race relations
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Saturday, April 10 1869.
Rose late Mr. Shermen called on me before breakfast. I gave me money to go home with. Bought books. Heard private classes. Attended to book accounts. Finished ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin.’ Over this I cried profusely. What heart would not melt at perceiving such woes. I believe it was providential that I did not read it before the fall of Slavery; for I might have died a martyr as Uncle Tom did.
Yesterday the Freedmen commemorated the day as the anniversary of the fall of Richmond.
Weather is cold and chilly and damp. I have fire in my room in consequence.
Sunday April 11. 1869
Dreary cold snowing. Afternoon at tended Foremans preaching. Read a part of the day.
Monday. April 12. 1869
Nothing occurred to arrest the attention of a steady worker. Wrote Mrs. Armstead. Read a part of the autobiography of a shaker. Mr. Victor told me we must teach the colored people ‘as niggirs and also that they are niggers.’ I told him that we are doing no such thing.
Tuesday April 13. 1869.
A cold morning again. I think fruit is injured.
Wrote Corson & Read in atlantic Monthly. Note by a carpetbagger in Penna. The rest of the time I taught. Rev. White visited out school today. He addressed the school.
Wednesday April 14. 1869.
Busy till Ten O’clock at night. I was terribly fooled this evening. Mr. Schadd, a colored teacher of Phila arrived this evening. I took him to the Washington House for supper. This was refused him on account of his color. My God! What does this mean? I had an insulting letter from Maria. How do I feel? God give me grace.
Thursday April 15. 1869.
Sent Mr. Schadd to Appomattox. Wrote Maria.
Friday April 16. 1869.
Weather has now become warm. Neglected one of my private classes. Bad company diverted my attention. Went to Alum Springs.
Saturday April 17. 1869.
R. S. Lacey is confirmed as Assessor.
Was working a half a day at fixing my clothes. Mrs. Armistead called on me. I bought her some books. Drew $80.00 money on cigars. Wrote Bauman & Corson. Had a letter from Corson and one from Mrs. M. R. Rile. Wrote Mrs. Lanning Cookwell Va.
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paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Jacob Yoder's diary entries from April 10-17, 1869
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, education, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
Jacob Eschbach Yoder (1838-1905), a Pennsylvania native, came to Lynchburg in 1866 to help educate freedpeople. He left after a few months, but returned in 1868 and continued to teach and serve as an administrator for the African American schools in Lynchburg until his death. Despite his idealistic intentions, he confided to his diary his deep ambivalence aobut his job, the abilities of his colleagues, and the prospects for African American education. Yoder kept a diary between 1866 and 1870, some of which has been published as <em>The Fire of Liberty in Their Hearts</em>, ed., Samuel L. Horst (1996). These entries are from a volume that remains unpublished.
Creator
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Jacob Yoder
Source
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Jacob E. Yoder. Diaries, 1861-1870. Accession 27680, 51148. Personal papers collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.
Date
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April 10-17, 1869
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CC BY-SA
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Out of the Box <a title="Jacob Yoder" href="http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/2015/06/17/jacob-yoder-freedpeople/" target="_blank">blog entry</a> on Jacob Yoder.
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14_1165_036, 14_1165_037, Yoder diary_April 1869_transcription_14_1165_036-037.pdf
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||||osm
Lynchburg, Virginia
African Americans
education
race relations
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Monday May 10. 1869.
School was small so I got through with it early and went to see the memorial services in honor of the Confederate Dead. A cornerstone is laid there of a monument. White Flags are afloat in different parts of the cemetery with such mottoes:
“Resurgamus.” “Our deathless Dead.” “Our Gallant Heroes.” “The Path of duty is the path of Glory.” “Though Dead not Forgotten.” “Our Brave Confederates.” “We give them all that is left - out tears.” “All is lost save our honor.” “Sweetly sleep our Patriot Dead.” “They Died for their honor.” “Heroes of the Lost Cause.”
“Pro Patria,” in silver letters adorned with Green over one of the entrances in the form of an arch.
Flowers are spread profusely on the graves. Ivy flowers are used in abundance. In different squares stacks of earth are made. Flowers cover these. Crosses are erected in different places all covered with flowers. Also little white flags are posted with black crosses on them.
Few stones or boards mark who the silent sleepers are. I think there are some twelve thousand dead here.
The crowd was large I think a majority of the white inhabitants were out of Lynchburg.
The oration of the Day was delivered by Rev. Mr. Wagoner, a Methodist Minister.
He is a gifted speaker that is to please the multitude.
He lavished boundless praise upon the Confederate dead.
“They fought for the truth.” He classed them with all the holy martyrs from St Stephen down to this time. He fostered the dangerous prejudice of the People in regard to their foolish notions of Virginia’s superiority.
A scalawag is a devil in Paradise. To the honor of woman be it said there are no women scalawags. So if I know what a scalawag is he must be made one before he can go to heaven if the change must take in hell.
He said, “we are defeated, it is true. but the blow that killed us killed the goddess of liberty with. The Confederates died in the fight for liberty against power.[“] I new [never] heard human lips utter a more foolish falsehood.
He made no allusions to the colored people. I looked at the man. I often saw colored men prettier than he is. Yet for no other reason than their dark color he must be disfranchised.
If this money that is thus expended taken and expended for the living soldiers, their orphans or their wives these soldiers - at least the sensible ones among them would give them much more credit for their enterprise.
The whole performance is destined to be an injury to the state. Except it can living good in the way Mrs. Browning meant when she said “O, lord give us more madness?” It shows again afresh spirit of the people against those that follow the savior in his golden rules.
They want their independence because they love freedom. If this had been their motive the Confederacy would have succeeded.
I do not know what to think about matter. God I trust Thou wilt bring good out of evil. Not my will be done nor that of the people of Va but Thine be done.
Sought a boarding place. Had letters from Mrs. Armisted Corson and Mr. Mahon.
Worked a little at Reports.
Tuesday May 11 1869
Weather warm. Changed my Head Quarters to Bigby House. Drew $339.46 at Bank. Straightened up my accounts. Looked over my vouchers. Sent Mr. C. S. Schadd Books by express.
Made Blank Reports for schools. Had a letter from Maria. Had a letter from Linsey Hayden. Wrote Corson and Maria. I have done a thousand things to day. and used Tobacco with all night.
Thursday May 13. 1869.
Taught Miss Phelp’s class. She pretended being sick. I made up my mind to make an effort to stop school with this month. I believe our school does more harm than good. Made out report for the Bureau. Had a long conversation with Mr. Wm. Smith. Had to send after watch to Miss Phelps.
Rain and sunshine follow each other in rapid succession.
Had a letter from Miss Dean.
Friday May 14. 1869.
Made report for our association. Wrote Corson. Read Papers. Re’d Tobacco from Phila. by Express. Bought and sold Book. Taught Miss Phelp’s class again. She worried me again by not giving me my watch.
Hinted again to Brother Forman that I will try to close school at the end of this month.
Had a large bundle letters from New Glassgow School.
Had a letter from Corson and one from Varner.
Supper is too late at 8 O’clock.
Original Format
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paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jacob Yoder's Diaries, entries of May 10-14, 1869
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, education, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
Jacob Eschbach Yoder (1838-1905), a Pennsylvania native, came to Lynchburg in 1866 to help educate freedpeople. He left after a few months, but returned in 1868 and continued to teach and serve as an administrator for the African American schools in Lynchburg until his death. Despite his idealistic intentions, he confided to his diary his deep ambivalence aobut his job, the abilities of his colleagues, and the prospects for African American education. Yoder kept a diary between 1866 and 1870, some of which has been published as <em>The Fire of Liberty in Their Hearts</em>, ed., Samuel L. Horst (1996). These entries are from a volume that remains unpublished.
Creator
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Jacob Yoder
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jacob E. Yoder. Diaries, 1861-1870. Accession 27680, 51148. Personal papers collection. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
May 8-14, 1869
Rights
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CC BY-SA
Relation
A related resource
Out of the Box <a title="Jacob Yoder" href="http://www.virginiamemory.com/blogs/out_of_the_box/2015/06/17/jacob-yoder-freedpeople/" target="_blank">blog entry</a> on Jacob Yoder.
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JPG
Type
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Text
Identifier
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14_1165_041, 14_1165_042, 14_1165_043, 14_1165_044, Yoder diary_May 1869_transcription_14_1165_041-044.pdf
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
||||osm
Lynchburg, Virginia
African Americans
education
race relations
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Petition of Residents of Lunenburg County to Governor Francis H. Pierpont
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, military service, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
For several months after the end of the war, the army stationed soldiers, including African Americans, throughout Virginia to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation and protect the freedpeople. White Lunenburg County residents petitioned Governor Pierpont to remove the African American troops who had been quartered at the county seat, because their presence was "repugnant and humiliating to our feelings," and they feared the troops would have an "improper and injurious influence on our former Slaves."
Creator
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Lunenburg County residents
Source
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Executive Papers of Governor Francis H. Pierpont, 1865–1868, Accession 37024, Library of Virginia
Date
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undated, ca. 1865
Contributor
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Library of Virginia
Rights
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CC BY-SA
Format
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JPG
Type
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manuscript
Identifier
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15_0707_006_, Lunenburg County Petition_1865_transcription.pdf
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Lunenburg County, Virginia
Relation
A related resource
<a title="Pierpont Papers" href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00006.xml" target="_blank">Finding aid</a> to Executive Papers of Governor Francis F. Pierpont.
African Americans
military service
race relations
-
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/e75ae731a4a538a941cb72875a8f6b22.pdf
9a809f2726f37b80d2e55f4b8d1e4046
Text
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<p>Excerpt of John C. Underwood's testimony before a Congressional committee:</p>
<p>When I was holding court at Richmond recently, I had a conversation with one of the leading men in that city, and he said to me that the enlistment of negro troops by the United States was the turning-point of the rebellion; that it was the heaviest blow they ever received. He remarked that when the negroes deserted their masters, and showed a general disposition to do so and join the forces of the United States, intelligent men everywhere saw that the matter was ended. I have often heard a similar expression of opinion from others, and I am satisfied that the origin of this bitterness towards the negro is this belief among leading men that their weight thrown into the scale decided the contest against them. However the fact may be, I think that such is a pretty well settled conclusion among leading rebels in Virginia.</p>
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<p> </p>
</div>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Excerpt of Testimony of Federal Judge John C. Underwood
Subject
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African Americans, military service, race relations
Description
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A joint Congressional committee was appointed in 1865 to determine whether the former Confederate states were entitled to have representation in Congress. More than one hundred witnesses testified early in 1866 about the situations in the four military districts established after the Civil War. Federal judge and Alexandria resident John C. Underwood testified on January 31, 1866, about the attitudes of Virginians in the months after the war.
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John C. Underwood
Source
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<em>Report of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction, at the First Session Thirty-Ninth Congress</em>, 2 vols. (1866), 2:8
Publisher
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Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office
Date
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January 31, 1866
Contributor
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Library of Virginia
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CC BY-SA
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PDF
Type
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bound volume
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Underwood testimony_1866_transcription.pdf
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Richmond, Virginia
African Americans
military service
race relations
-
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/2df7b6f725616b9f8fe3f5215c6257ed.pdf
bde01c8c9b8ab2c5d16b299b55934f67
Text
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<p> This agreement made & entered into this seventh day of June 1865 between Slaughter B. Bullock of the one part, & his former Slaves of the other part, Namely, Edmund, Bob, John, George, Andrew, Anthony, Melinda with her four youngest children, Margaret with her two children, & Patsy, Witnesseth, the sd: S. B. Bullock, agrees on his part to pay in Money, or its equivalent in provisions, to Edmund, five dollars per Month, & to Bob, the same, to John four dollars per month, to George two dollars & fifty cents per Month; to Andrew the same, to Antony the same, Melinda, & her four youngest children to receive their board, Margaret, & her two children to receive their board, & Patsy to receive her board & clothing, all commencing from the above date, either party can, & is at liberty to make any change they may choose at the expiration of each month, the sd: S. B. Bullock agrees also, to board the above named Negroes free of charge, while in his employment. Slaughter B. Bullock.</p>
<p>Witness.</p>
<p>James, H, Dodson</p>
<p>John Rogers</p>
<p>James S. J. Rogers</p>
Original Format
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Manuscript
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Transcription of a Labor Agreement between Slaughter B. Bullock and his Laborers
Subject
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African Americans, labor, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
In June 1865 Hanover County farmer Slaughter B. Bullock contracted with his former enslaved laborers to work for him for stated wages and a place to board on his farm. The agreement was unusual (and unusually fair) in that it allowed either party "to make any change they may choose at the expiration of each month."
Creator
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Slaughter B. Bullock
Source
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Slaughter B. Bullock, Agreement, 1865, Accession 22133, Personal Papers Collection, Library of Virginia.
Date
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June 7, 1865
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Library of Virginia
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CC BY-SA
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JPG
Type
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Transcription
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Bullock Slaughter agreement_1865_transcription.pdf
Coverage
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Hanover County, Virginia
African Americans
labor
race relations
-
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/0b61f5fab2b20df8c7006bc0fee44ccb.JPG
58fad0aa00f8d2dd30a2b6779cdece69
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/452afb0b6582b14d541024e64041d25e.pdf
c7f8f58e0766a92972b8706f6b6231a8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Labor Agreement between P.C. Morgan and his Laborers
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, labor, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
P. C. Morgan's contract identifies the people he hired as he would have identified them back in slavery times, as belonging to his neighbors ("Irby's Henry, Hudson's Albert, Thomas's Ned, Peggie and Eley"). It also indicates that the hired people insisted on at least one change in the contract, to delete the passage allowing Morgan to force them to work on Saturdays. Otherwise, the contract is very favorable to Morgan and includes restrictions on the activities and behavior of the laborers. It is not clear why the names that appear in the first line of the contract differ from the names placed with the workers' marks or why the witness or the Freedman's Bureau agent nevertheless approved.
Creator
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P.C. Morgan
Source
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Lunenburg County Freedmen's Contracts, 1865-1866, Lunenburg County Court Records, Local Government Records Collection, Library of Virginia.
Date
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January 1, 1866
Contributor
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Library of Virginia
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CC BY-SA
Format
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JPG
Type
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Manuscript
Identifier
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15_0732_010, 15_0732_010a, P.C. Morgan agreement_1866_transcription_15_0732_010-101a.pdf
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Lunenburg County, Virginia
African Americans
labor
race relations
-
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/fb4dcedfca52f64ac4d157f0521043d7.JPG
e3162fb1600d084050b669964bf75932
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/58ff5096c6c6e605a17eb08f1096ac27.pdf
304749de24146b2db1cde22e397cfc00
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Article of Agreement between Catharine T. Cate and B. L. Johns
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, labor, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
In this contract, Catharine L. Cate agreed to work as a cook for B. J. Johns for the rate of $5 per month along with lodging and rations ("found"). They agreed that any changes to the contract would be made before a local Freedmen's Bureau agent, which was one of the duties agents undertook in helping the freedpeople find employment.
Source
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Lunenburg County Freedmen's Contracts, 1865-1866, Lunenburg County Court Records, Local Government Records Collection, Library of Virginia.
Date
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August 21, 1865
Contributor
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Library of Virginia
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CC BY-SA
Format
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JPG
Type
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Manuscript
Identifier
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15_0732_002, Catharine Cate agreement_1865_transcription_15_0732_002.pdf
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Lunenburg County, Virginia
African Americans
labor
race relations
-
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/eb5359ddffab8495bf050da0dd3d23c4.JPG
bb8d3c1d6538b9fb9b3b022507dfd702
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/62b442a9ea7f6e914f577bcb103221f0.JPG
cfafabe2bbc931b083988db7d9c42d0a
https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/files/original/429497f93cd5f78a2c7dcc83edf8bc4b.pdf
3bbf173367d1674cc0447911ca49e879
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Labor Agreement between William H. Eubank and his Laborers
Subject
The topic of the resource
African Americans, labor, race relations
Description
An account of the resource
On January 1, 1866, William H. Eubank hired African Americans Bob, David, George, Patrick, Louisa, and Susan to farm his land for the ensuing year. The labor contract specified what Eubank would pay each of them and that he supplied lodging and rations for them and clothing for some of the women and their children. The labor contract required the workers to rise by dawn and be at work by sunrise. It allowed them one hour for dinner each day and required them to be polite and obedient and to labor at the direction of the landowner or his agent. The agreement also imposed restrictions on when the workers could leave the plantation or receive visitors. If any of the workers violated any provisions of the contract, he or she forfeited all benefits for the year.
Creator
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William H. Eubank
Source
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Lunenburg County Freedmen's Contracts, 1865-1866, Lunenburg County Court Records, Local Government Records Collection, Library of Virginia.
Date
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January 1, 1866
Contributor
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Library of Virginia
Rights
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CC BY-SA
Format
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JPG
Type
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Manuscript
Identifier
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15_0732_012, 15_0732_012a
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Lunenburg County, Virginia
African Americans
labor
race relations