Custom House Mill, July 6, 1869
Dublin Core
Title
Custom House Mill, July 6, 1869
            Subject
African Americans, politics, race relations
            Description
This 1869 lithograph from the Richmond studio of lithographer Charles Ludwig illustrated one fear that white Virginians entertained after the Civil War, that unscrupulous politicians would use government jobs in the post office or federal customs houses to create powerful radical Republican political machines with the support of African American voters. Here, a slick politician is grinding out registered voters from a mill of the kind used to grind coffee beans. The date on this image, July 6, 1869, was the date on which Virginia voters ratified the new state constitution that granted the vote to black men.
            Creator
Charles L. Ludwig
            Source
Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division
            Date
1869
            Contributor
Library of Virginia
            Rights
CC BY-SA
            Format
JPG
            Type
Lithograph
            Identifier
13_1162_008
            Coverage
Virginia
            Citation
Charles L. Ludwig, “Custom House Mill, July 6, 1869,” Remaking Virginia: Transformation Through Emancipation, accessed October 31, 2025, https://www.virginiamemory.com/online-exhibitions/items/show/610.
